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What is a sprain?

  1. Stretching or tearing of muscle

  2. Stretching or tearing of ligaments

  3. Inflammation of tendons

  4. Complete muscle rupture

The correct answer is: Stretching or tearing of ligaments

A sprain refers specifically to the stretching or tearing of ligaments, which are the fibrous tissues that connect bones to one another at a joint. Ligaments provide stability and support to the joints, and when they are subjected to excessive force, they can become overstretched or torn. This injury commonly occurs in activities that involve sudden movements, twists, or impacts, leading to pain, swelling, and decreased mobility in the affected joint. The other options describe different types of injuries. The first option pertains to strains, which involve muscle or tendon injury, not ligaments. The third option describes tendonitis, which is the inflammation of tendons, not ligaments. The final option refers to a complete muscle rupture, which is a more severe injury involving the muscle itself, rather than the ligaments. Each of these terms relates to different anatomical structures and types of injuries, thereby highlighting why the correct answer focuses on the specific definition of a sprain.